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定語(yǔ)從句教案(通用14篇)
作為一位無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)的人民教師,總不可避免地需要編寫教案,教案是實(shí)施教學(xué)的主要依據(jù),有著至關(guān)重要的作用。我們?cè)撛趺慈懡贪改兀恳韵率切【幘恼淼亩ㄕZ(yǔ)從句教案(通用14篇),供大家參考借鑒,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
定語(yǔ)從句教案 1
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 知識(shí)目標(biāo):掌握下列重點(diǎn)單詞和詞組的意思及用法ache, evercise, weight, give up, interest及其詞匯轉(zhuǎn)化
2. 能力目標(biāo):能夠詢問(wèn)有關(guān)健康的信息,表達(dá)態(tài)度,提供建議。學(xué)習(xí)使用由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
3.情感目標(biāo):通過(guò)了解tony 的經(jīng)歷,培養(yǎng)體諒、關(guān)愛(ài)他人的情感態(tài)度。
教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)
1.重點(diǎn):對(duì)話中的句型應(yīng)用,由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
2.難點(diǎn):由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的'運(yùn)用。
教學(xué)工具
課件
教學(xué)過(guò)程
[課前朗讀]: 朗讀生詞ache, exercise, weight, give up, interest, tasty----taste, menu, persuade.根據(jù)音標(biāo)讀出單詞并了解漢語(yǔ)意思,養(yǎng)成學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的習(xí)慣,促使學(xué)生迅速進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)。
[檢查詞匯預(yù)習(xí)]:
a.采取學(xué)生結(jié)對(duì)、小組互查等形式來(lái)檢查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的預(yù)習(xí)情況。
b.朗讀單詞,注意發(fā)音。
一、情境導(dǎo)入
教師可問(wèn)學(xué)生:(1)What’s your favourite sport?(2) How do you think we can keep fit?(3) Have you ever remembered what happened to Tony in Module9?這樣會(huì)調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)思維的積極性, 引出本單元話題。
二、小聽(tīng)力(自主完成,合作釋疑)
聽(tīng)Activity 2,完成表格
Betty
Lingling
Taijiquan
Weight
training
Running
針對(duì)表格進(jìn)行說(shuō)的練習(xí)。如:How does Lingling think of Taijiquan and running?
三、大聽(tīng)力 多層聽(tīng)
1.聽(tīng)Activity 3,完成下列各題。
1).Who has Betty bumped into?
A. The head teacher B. The English teacher C.Lingling and Betty
2).Does Daming think that the boy in his team can go to a sports school ?
A. Yes, he does B. No, he doesn’t C. We don’t know
3).What does Daming want the head teacher to write ?
A. Something about staying healthy
B. Something about training for the Olympics
C. something about buying a camera
2. 再聽(tīng)Activity 3,完成下列表格。
1. How did Tony feel
the basketball training? 1. He feels very
2. What will the boy in Daming’s team need to do? 2. He needs to do a lot of___ _____
3. Why isn’t allowed to use his father’s camera any more? 3. Because he almost __ ______ it last time.
四、默讀對(duì)話,自主完成Activity 4.
完成后小組展示并糾正。小組間合作解決activity 3中不懂的地方,教師適時(shí)點(diǎn)撥。
五、突破重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
對(duì)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容和疑難問(wèn)題進(jìn)行合作探究學(xué)習(xí)。
1.My legs ache a bit. ___________________(翻譯)
(1) a bit 譯為_(kāi)____________. 其同義短語(yǔ)是___________.
自主造句:_______________________________.
2. Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.__________________________.
give up, 放棄。其中up是代詞,后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可放在短語(yǔ) ,也可放在 ,而跟代詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能放 。例如:give it/them up放棄做某事----give up doing sth.
自主造句: _______________________.
我們學(xué)過(guò)的可加動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)有
3.He is not fit or strong enough.____________________________
總結(jié)enough 的用法并舉例
自主造句:
4. I’ve got a friend whose brother is training for the Olympics.此句含有一個(gè)whose 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,whose在從句中作定語(yǔ),又如:
He is the only student in our class whose father is a policeman.
There is a boy whose parents want him to go to a sports school.
先行詞為無(wú)生命的物體時(shí)也可以用whose 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.如:
The book whose cover is green is mine.
No one now lives in the room whose windows are broken.
5.找出含有whose 的定語(yǔ)從句并翻譯句子。分析定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞。
___________________________________________________.
___________________________________________________.
___________________________________________________.
___________________________________________________.
5. 自主補(bǔ)充完善
六、歸納短語(yǔ)
通過(guò)對(duì)對(duì)話的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生歸納本課的短語(yǔ),可以小組合作,然后通過(guò)展示呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)小組的成果,然后其他小組補(bǔ)充完善。
1. _____________________ 9._______________________
2. _____________________ 10.______________________
3. _____________________ ______________________
4. _____________________ _______________________
5. _____________________ ______________________
6. _____________________ ______________________
7. _____________________ ______________________
8. _____________________ ______________________
七、誦讀積累
(一)跟錄音機(jī)朗讀對(duì)話,模仿語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)。
(二)讀熟對(duì)話
(三)讀爛短語(yǔ)
(四)讀爛下列重點(diǎn)句子
1.Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.
2. He isn’t fit or strong enough.
3.I’m not allowed to use it any more.
4.It’s my father who gives me my pocket money.
5. Don’t talk to me about that.
6. What’s up?
7.Guess what?
8. (含有whose的定語(yǔ)從句)
八、說(shuō)的訓(xùn)練:
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Activity 5.
九、當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)
(一)翻譯下列短語(yǔ)及句子:
1.放棄___________________2.一點(diǎn)_____________________________
3.保持健康 _______________ 4.足夠強(qiáng)壯_________________
5.碰巧遇到_________________6.發(fā)生什么事了?_________________
7.看起來(lái)像 ________________ 8.祝你好運(yùn) ________________
定語(yǔ)從句教案 2
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
教育方面
1. 掌握并能使用words and phrases: on the left/right, trouble, expect, pick up,kid, shot
2. 學(xué)習(xí)并理解which和who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
3.能夠用which和who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)描述自己所喜歡的東西。
教養(yǎng)方面
1、通過(guò)對(duì)樂(lè)隊(duì)照片的評(píng)論引入照片的話題
2、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過(guò)攝影,從攝影的角度去看待周圍的人和物
3、通過(guò)聽(tīng)力及閱讀訓(xùn)練培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力及閱讀能力
發(fā)展方面
通過(guò)樂(lè)隊(duì),攝影等知識(shí)開(kāi)拓學(xué)生的視野,讓學(xué)生更加熱愛(ài)生活,并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)多角度觀察世界,欣賞身邊的人和物。
教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)
1. 掌握并能使用words and phrases: on the left/right, trouble, expect, pick up,kid, shot
2. 學(xué)習(xí)并理解which和who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
3.能夠用which和who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)描述自己所喜歡的東西。
教學(xué)工具
課件
教學(xué)過(guò)程
Step 1 復(fù)習(xí)檢測(cè)課前自學(xué)部分
1.檢查總結(jié)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)試卷情況
2. 通過(guò)自己拍攝的圖片復(fù)習(xí)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
Step 2 新課導(dǎo)入
1、 展示樂(lè)隊(duì)圖片并播放樂(lè)隊(duì)的音樂(lè)激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣。
2、 播放樂(lè)隊(duì)視頻引出課文中參加學(xué)校舞會(huì)的氣氛。
本環(huán)節(jié)反饋:
1. 問(wèn)題:_____________________________________________________________
2. 反思:______________________________________________________
Step 3 自主學(xué)習(xí)
聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練(先由學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成再組內(nèi)合作)
1、 聽(tīng)前說(shuō) 根據(jù)課文上的`圖片完成activity 1讓學(xué)生了解對(duì)話大意
2、 聽(tīng)中做 在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中一方面提高學(xué)生的聽(tīng)力能力順應(yīng)中考動(dòng)向。
(1) listen and check the words in the box in Activity 1 as you hear them.(activity2)
(2) Listen and fill in the blanks
Lingling: This is a photo of the Blues Boys ______ in a concert last month. They’re _________ _______.
Daming: And is this the band _______ is playing at the ________ _________?
Linglling: Yes, they play really great music. _______ _______ ______ is the boy _______ ______ the guitar and the boy in front is the one ________ _______.
Betty: And at the back is the boy _____ _______ the drum. They’re really loud.
Daming: What kind of music?
Betty: Well, if _______ _______the Blues Boys, I guess they play the blues.
Betty: And they get everyone dancing.
Daming: When I’m a band, I ______ _______ play the guitar.
Betty: You can play the guitar?
Daming:No, I can’t. But ______ _______ to learn.
(3) listen to the tape and answer these questions
(4) .Who won the photo competition last summer?
.What’s the name of the band?
What music do they play?
.What’s wrong with He Zhong?
本環(huán)節(jié)反饋:
1. 問(wèn)題:_____________________________________________
2. 反思:_____________________________________________
Step 4 對(duì)話處理。閱讀訓(xùn)練 (互助交流)
1. Read the dialogue and do a4并找出對(duì)話中的疑難點(diǎn)。
2. 小組合作,根據(jù)出示的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)翻譯課文
本環(huán)節(jié)反饋:
1. 問(wèn)題:____________________________________________________
2. 反思:_____________________________________________
Step 5精講點(diǎn)撥
1、講解由who 與which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
2、學(xué)以致用
1.The photo ________ you like is over there.
2.I have a friend _______ wants to be a writer.
3.The mountain ________ we climbed last year is very beautiful.
4.He is the greatest player ______ I know.
本環(huán)節(jié)反饋:
1. 問(wèn)題:____________________________________________________
2. 反思:_____________________________________________
Step 6 我展示 我快樂(lè)
通過(guò)猜謎游戲讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)描述自己喜歡的人和物
本環(huán)節(jié)反饋:
1. 問(wèn)題:____________________________________________________
2. 反思:_____________________________________________
Step 7 當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo)
1、 選詞填空。每個(gè)詞組或短語(yǔ)限用一次。
2、 選擇填空
本環(huán)節(jié)反饋:
1. 問(wèn)題:____________________________________________________
2. 反思:_____________________________________________
step 8 感情升華
讓學(xué)生欣賞美,感悟美,從不同的角度看待周圍的人和事。
【課后延伸提升】
一、將下列每組句子改為含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。
1.The woman looks very young. She looks after my sister.
__________________________________________________________________
2. We all like the article. It was written by Confucius many years ago.
____________________________________________________________________
3. The bus left ten minutes ago. They missed it.
____________________________________________________________________
4. His father is the person. He will be most happy.
_____________________________________________________________________
二、翻譯下列句子。
1. 我期望著你送我一份禮物。I _______ you _______ ______ a gift.
2.我有機(jī)會(huì)贏了。
I _______ _______ _______ _______ win. = I______ ______ ______ ______ _______ _____ win.
3. 就是這支樂(lè)隊(duì)可以讓人們都跳起舞來(lái)。It’s the band ______ _______ everyone -________.
4. 前面的人擋著我看不見(jiàn)。 I can’t see ______ ______ _______.
5. 她父親才是最不高興的人。His father is the person ______ _______ _______ most unhappy.
【拓展提升】
我們都有自己最喜歡的明星,老師,同學(xué),事物等,請(qǐng)你用五句定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)描述這個(gè)人或物,讓大家來(lái)猜。
Eg: This is a teacher who teaches well. He is a teacher who is humor. He is a teacher who is about 1.7m tall.
He is a teacher who we all love. Do you know who is he?_________________
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________________________
5._______________________________________________________________
定語(yǔ)從句教案 3
一、設(shè)計(jì)背景
1. 初步掌握及運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句,如讓學(xué)生用定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)完成對(duì)人物喜歡的人物進(jìn)行描述,如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。
2.本課的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)就是能初步掌握及運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句,為了使學(xué)生順利地完成教學(xué)任務(wù),教師以學(xué)生為主體,為學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了幾個(gè)以他們的認(rèn)知水平出發(fā)的符合生活實(shí)際的他們感興趣的一環(huán)扣一環(huán)的子任務(wù),每個(gè)子任務(wù)緊緊圍繞總?cè)蝿?wù)展開(kāi),再深入,在一個(gè)一個(gè)完成任務(wù)的活動(dòng)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力。
二.教學(xué)目標(biāo)
(1)語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):能用定語(yǔ)從句較自如地描述及談?wù)撊撕臀铩T诨顒?dòng)中訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽(tīng)力,口頭表達(dá)能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察,想象和創(chuàng)造力。
(2)情感目標(biāo):促進(jìn)同學(xué)間積極合作交流,發(fā)展同學(xué)間的友誼 。
2.教學(xué)方法:多媒體的運(yùn)用能創(chuàng)設(shè)真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言情景,學(xué)生也很感興趣,極大地鼓動(dòng)了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的積極性,而且呈現(xiàn)在課堂上能使教學(xué)更生活化,也更直觀和具體。
三、教學(xué)方法
以學(xué)生為主體,用多媒體輔助教學(xué),通過(guò)幫助學(xué)生理解、歸納、總結(jié)、討論等方式學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句,由于本節(jié)課是學(xué)生第一次系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句,要達(dá)到讓學(xué)生初步掌握定語(yǔ)從句這一目的。
四、學(xué)法指導(dǎo)、自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)
五、教學(xué)過(guò)程
第一環(huán)節(jié): 觀察以下例句:
1.The red pen is broken.
2.The pen on the desk is broken.
3.The pen that I bought yesterday is broken.
導(dǎo)入:通過(guò)對(duì)定語(yǔ)的理解,導(dǎo)入定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句的概念,定語(yǔ):用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子,當(dāng)修飾詞是一個(gè)句子時(shí)被稱為定語(yǔ)從句。通常置于它所修飾的詞之后,這種被修飾的詞叫做先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等,關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中只用作狀語(yǔ)。
例句分析:
I like to have friends who are like me.
I like to have friends who are different from me.
He is the only one who is studying French.
Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark.
You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep.
He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man.
I like musicians who play different kinds of music.
Another that he found very difficult is grammar.
The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.
Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do.
I like music that I can sing along with.
I like music that has great lyrics.
I like music that I can dance to.
得出結(jié)論1)當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用which/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),用which/that引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
2)當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用who/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用who/that/whom引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
第二環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句有了初步的了解后,創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,學(xué)以致用,讓學(xué)生分組活動(dòng),根據(jù)多媒體呈現(xiàn)的.情境,有創(chuàng)造性地造句:
This is a singer who/that …
who is a boy.
who is very shy.
who writes his own songs.
who has a song called Qinghuaci.
Who I like best.
It’s an animal that/which is very strong.
It’s an animal that/which has long nose and big ears.
It’s an animal that/which I like very much.
第三環(huán)節(jié): 在學(xué)生對(duì)一般的規(guī)律都把握好以后,把學(xué)生的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)和定語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)呈現(xiàn)在屏幕上,讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察并作出總結(jié),該環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)得很好,很好地訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的觀察能力和主動(dòng)探究的能力,效果較好。
仔細(xì)觀察:你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?
1) I prefer shoes that are cool.
2) I like a pizza that is really delicious.
3) I love singers who are beautiful.
4) I have a friend who plays sports.
學(xué)生觀察后得出的結(jié)論為:
who/that在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。
第四環(huán)節(jié):小節(jié)本堂課的內(nèi)容
什么是定語(yǔ) ?
什么是定語(yǔ)從句?
定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么?
關(guān)系詞有幾重作用?
此環(huán)節(jié)讓學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)的知識(shí)加以升華,并在大腦里形成知識(shí)框架,把知識(shí)系統(tǒng)化。
第五五環(huán)節(jié):鞏固練習(xí)---以檢查學(xué)生是否真正掌握本堂課的知識(shí),實(shí)踐證明,學(xué)生掌握得很好。
第六環(huán)節(jié):合作探究
留給學(xué)生的問(wèn)題
1.如果先行詞既有人又有物,用什么關(guān)系詞?
2.如果先行詞是時(shí)間,用什么關(guān)系詞?
3.如果先行詞是地點(diǎn),用什么關(guān)系詞?
4.關(guān)系詞whose怎么用?
通過(guò)此環(huán)節(jié)給學(xué)生留下思維拓展的空間,也為以后的學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊,體現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)的延續(xù)性。
課堂小結(jié):通過(guò)例子讓學(xué)生總結(jié)定語(yǔ)從句的規(guī)律和特點(diǎn),同時(shí)總結(jié)不同關(guān)系詞的用法。在這節(jié)課中,學(xué)生對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句這一語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目有了不同程度的鞏固和深化。
六、課后反思:
優(yōu)點(diǎn):本節(jié)課教學(xué)目標(biāo)明確,條理清楚,板書設(shè)計(jì)合理,教學(xué)內(nèi)容緊扣學(xué)生生活實(shí)際,學(xué)生在教師的引導(dǎo)下自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí),較好地歸納了定語(yǔ)從句的特殊用法,并能用定語(yǔ)從句寫文章,完成了學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。
不足:
1、在引入部分沒(méi)有充分引導(dǎo)學(xué)生把他們描述圖片的簡(jiǎn)單句用關(guān)系詞合并為定語(yǔ)從句。
2、最后一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯文章時(shí)間安排不足,應(yīng)多用二至三分鐘的時(shí)間對(duì)學(xué)生的翻譯進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步分析總結(jié),讓學(xué)生提出更多的修改意見(jiàn)。教學(xué)機(jī)智:本節(jié)課學(xué)生在歸納特殊用法時(shí),提出了設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容之外的規(guī)律,教師能給予肯定,并提出在下一教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)一步討論。能夠放手讓學(xué)生發(fā)表不同的意見(jiàn),并適時(shí)進(jìn)行點(diǎn)播。
再教設(shè)計(jì):第一環(huán)節(jié)討論圖片,把學(xué)生說(shuō)出的簡(jiǎn)單句寫在黑板上讓學(xué)生改為復(fù)合句,使引入部分目標(biāo)更明確。最后翻譯文章留出十分鐘時(shí)間讓更多學(xué)生展示范文,師生共同提出修改意見(jiàn)。
定語(yǔ)從句教案 4
1、設(shè)計(jì)思路
定語(yǔ)從句并不是初中階段的重點(diǎn)教學(xué)內(nèi)容。對(duì)于初中生來(lái)說(shuō),這一語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象比較復(fù)雜和概念化,不容易理解和準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用,因此通常被安排在初三,并且只要求學(xué)生具有初步的定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)。鑒于以上情況,筆者在教學(xué)中盡量采用直觀的方式演示不易理解的概念,鍛煉學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)直接思維,交際和解決問(wèn)題的能力。筆者貫徹"學(xué)中用,用中學(xué)"的教學(xué)理念,讓學(xué)生在"談?wù)撌煜さ耐瑢W(xué),才謎語(yǔ)"之類的真實(shí)語(yǔ)境中盡快融入課堂學(xué)習(xí)中,理解,歸納和應(yīng)用有關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句的知識(shí)。筆者還讓學(xué)生在完成任務(wù)的過(guò)程中進(jìn)一步鞏固所學(xué)內(nèi)容。學(xué)生通過(guò)觀看和描述不同學(xué)校的圖片,與同學(xué)商量如何完善給學(xué)校的建議,給校長(zhǎng)寫一封建議信等活動(dòng),靈活運(yùn)用了定語(yǔ)從句。整個(gè)教學(xué)過(guò)程扎實(shí),有序而又不失活潑。
2、教學(xué)過(guò)程
第一部分:課前任務(wù)活動(dòng)
Step 1師生互相了解(語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):who,that在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法)
(1)教師讓學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)描述一位學(xué)生,以這種方式主動(dòng)與學(xué)生相識(shí)。
T:I'm very happy today to meet you here。 I hope you"ll like my lesson。 Actually this is the first time I meet you 。 So would you like to introduce someone in you class to me?
Ss:(a little excited)Yes!
T:Remember,when I call your name,please don't move。 Other students will describe you in English,and I'll try to find you quickly。 Now,let's try the first one。Who is ......?
(2)教師邊聽(tīng)不同學(xué)生描述邊尋找被描述的學(xué)生,同時(shí),適當(dāng)板書學(xué)生所說(shuō)的描述人物的話,如:
Tony is a boy 。 He is very tall。
He is sitting in the second row。
He has short hair。
He wears a pair of glasses。
(3)教師找到第一位被描述的學(xué)生之后,請(qǐng)學(xué)生注意黑板上的句子,啟發(fā)他們將這些短句連成長(zhǎng)句。教師示范用定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞who,that連接這些句子,然后讓學(xué)生總結(jié)規(guī)律并模仿將黑板上的句子用關(guān)系代詞連起來(lái);學(xué)生在用定語(yǔ)從句繼續(xù)描述其他同學(xué),以此幫助教師找到更多不認(rèn)識(shí)的學(xué)生。
T:Look,there are so meny short sentences on the blackboard。 Can you join them together to make a long sentence?
S1:Tony is a boy,and ut he is very tall?
T:Good。 Any other way?
S2:Tony is a tall boy 。 T:Yes,that's a better way。 What else?
Tony is a boy who is very tall。(教師擦掉第二句的主語(yǔ)He,替換為who)
T:And we ca also say:Tony is a boythat is very tall。(在who旁邊加上
that)
We use"who hat to describe a boy 。 Now,Can you join the first sentence with next three sentences,just like I do?
Ss:......
T:Let's go on the game using "Someone is a boygirl who that......
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明)
這一設(shè)計(jì)自然地將學(xué)生帶入到了學(xué)習(xí)情境中,可以有效地減輕他們的學(xué)習(xí)焦慮感。這種師生互動(dòng)也容易快速消除師生之間的陌生感。如果教師想讓學(xué)生多說(shuō)多練的話,可以適當(dāng)延長(zhǎng)尋找的時(shí)間,多讓一些學(xué)生進(jìn)行描述。在導(dǎo)入定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),筆者沒(méi)有先將語(yǔ)法概念告訴學(xué)生,而是直接呈現(xiàn)定語(yǔ)從句的用法,不僅直觀清楚,省時(shí)高效,也鍛煉了學(xué)生直接用英語(yǔ)思維的能力和運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言的能力。
Step 2猜謎語(yǔ)(語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):which,that在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法)(1)教師逐一用幻燈片呈現(xiàn)一些句子,并讓學(xué)生來(lái)猜"這是誰(shuí)?'。
T:Just now,you introduce some of your classmates to me 。Now it's my turn to introduce a friend 。Do you know Donna?
Ss:NoMadonna?That singer?Mcdonald?
T:here are sime hints。 Donna is a lady who loves music。
Ss:Madonna!
T:No!Donna is a lady that likes you a lot。
S1:Is it you?
T:Donna is a lady who is standing in front of you!
Ss:Ah!You are Donna!
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明)
這一設(shè)計(jì)起到了承上啟下的作用。從"找學(xué)生"到"猜老師",再到下一步的"猜謎語(yǔ)",過(guò)渡自然,節(jié)省了大量的講解時(shí)間,學(xué)生也能輕松進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)。
(2)教師呈現(xiàn)一些用定語(yǔ)從句寫成的謎語(yǔ)讓學(xué)生猜測(cè),然后啟發(fā)學(xué)生總結(jié)并說(shuō)出which和who在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法區(qū)別
T:Now,I have more riddles。Would you like to have a try?
Ss:Yes,of course。
T:What is the day which hat comes after Monday?
Ss:Tuesday。
T:YEs。 Easy,What is the vegetable which hat can be made into French fries?
Ss:Potato。
T:What is the fruit which hat we often eat in summer?
Ss:Watermelon。
T:Here comes the most difficult one。 What is the animal which hat can always be found in baseball game?
T:It's a bat。Baseball bat。 It's just a joke。But can you tell me why we use "which" or "that" instead of "who" or "that" in these sentences?
Ss:Day。 Vegetable。Fruit。 Animal
(3)教師用幻燈片演示主句與定語(yǔ)從句修飾和被修飾的關(guān)系,并請(qǐng)學(xué)生仿照這些句子用which和that創(chuàng)編一些謎語(yǔ),讓全班共同猜測(cè),教師給予必要的指導(dǎo)。
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明)
學(xué)生通過(guò)比照黑板上和幻燈片中的兩類句式,不僅能發(fā)現(xiàn)which和who的用法和區(qū)別,達(dá)到快速理解和運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句的目的,也進(jìn)一步增加了探究所學(xué)語(yǔ)法的興趣。編謎語(yǔ)活動(dòng)還為學(xué)生提供了一定的發(fā)揮和想象空間,并由此開(kāi)始了本節(jié)課的寫作活動(dòng)。
Step 3看圖片談?wù)搶W(xué)校(語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):練習(xí)用who,which或that將短句連成定語(yǔ)從句,了解主從句的位置關(guān)系)
(1)教師呈現(xiàn)一些標(biāo)有文字注釋的學(xué)校圖片,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生將圖片上的短句連成定語(yǔ)從句,并用動(dòng)畫效果來(lái)顯示正確語(yǔ)句。
T:DO you know about my school?
Ss:No。
T:DO you want to visit it?
Ss:Yeah!
T:OK,follow me。Let's have a look at some pictures of my school。 And please try to join two sentences into one sentence,using "who","which" or "that"。(showing pictures)Many people ca remember the gate 。 It's so different from others。
S1:Many people can remember the gate which hat is so different from others。
T:Our school also has a long history。 THe history is over 100 years。
S2:Our school has a long histore which hat is over 100 years。
T:The man is talking to the visitors。 He is our priciple。
S3:The man who is talking to the visitors is our principle。 T:We can see the students。 They are studying in different places。
S4:We can see the students who are studying in different places。
T:Many students come to visit our school。 They are from different countries。
S5:Many students who are from different countries come to visit our school。
(2)教師再呈現(xiàn)其它一些沒(méi)有文字注釋的圖片,讓學(xué)生用定語(yǔ)從句描述自己的母校。
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明)
通過(guò)真實(shí)的情景展示,鞏固和擴(kuò)展所學(xué)語(yǔ)言,圖片注釋為學(xué)生的表達(dá)提供了充分的語(yǔ)言支持。注釋句子由短到長(zhǎng),由易到難,層層遞進(jìn),不斷有新的挑戰(zhàn),使學(xué)生樂(lè)于實(shí)踐,不怕出錯(cuò),邊學(xué)邊用。即使有些語(yǔ)句不太熟悉,他們也能夠借助畫面理解。這一活動(dòng)為下一步讓學(xué)生用自己的語(yǔ)言描述母校做了很好的鋪墊。
第二部分:任務(wù)實(shí)施階段(鞏固與創(chuàng)新)
Step 4調(diào)查"你喜歡什么樣的學(xué)校?"(語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):用定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行交際)談?wù)撏陜伤鶎W(xué)校后,教師讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行小組討論,用"What kind of school eacher do you like?I like the school which...... he teacher who hat......"來(lái)談一談對(duì)學(xué)校的感受和對(duì)學(xué)校的'意見(jiàn)或建議,在討論的同時(shí)用定語(yǔ)從句記錄理想中的學(xué)校是怎樣的,并與同伴交流感受;最后向全班同學(xué)做簡(jiǎn)單的匯報(bào),例如:In my group,we all like the school which......
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明)
學(xué)生在上一步的交流活動(dòng)中已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了很多想法,這一步適時(shí)地讓他們表達(dá)出來(lái)顯得很自然。在教師提供的語(yǔ)言支持下,學(xué)生能夠給學(xué)校建設(shè)提出很多好的建議。在表達(dá)過(guò)程中,學(xué)生的語(yǔ)句會(huì)有較多擴(kuò)展,教師可以走到各組中間給予適當(dāng)?shù)闹笇?dǎo)。這也為下一步寫作作好了鋪墊。
Step 5給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信(語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):用定語(yǔ)從句寫作)
學(xué)生齊讀教師呈現(xiàn)的信件范例,了解如何將調(diào)查結(jié)果以書面的形式表達(dá)出來(lái),同時(shí)注意建議信的語(yǔ)氣表達(dá);然后仿造例文用定語(yǔ)從句給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信,提出自己對(duì)學(xué)校的建議,以總結(jié)前一步的活動(dòng),并練習(xí)和鞏固所學(xué)內(nèi)容。
Step 6作業(yè)布置
學(xué)生完成給校長(zhǎng)的信
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明)這一步是整節(jié)課的升華,能夠用一節(jié)課的時(shí)間即完成語(yǔ)法的落實(shí),又有梯度地將聽(tīng)說(shuō)落實(shí)到讀寫上,新文體的仿寫是關(guān)鍵所在。
3、課后反思
雖然這節(jié)課是在一個(gè)陌生的平行班中執(zhí)教的,但總體感覺(jué)課堂進(jìn)程比較自然,順利,學(xué)生始終處在主動(dòng)參與和積極配合的狀態(tài)中,達(dá)到了預(yù)期設(shè)想,體現(xiàn)"學(xué)中用,用中學(xué)"的任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)理念.
1、學(xué)中用,用中學(xué)
在這一課中,筆者沒(méi)有明確地分配哪一個(gè)時(shí)間段是專門講語(yǔ)法的,哪一個(gè)時(shí)間段是專門進(jìn)行練習(xí)的.大多數(shù)的時(shí)間是邊應(yīng)用邊總結(jié)歸納,或歸納之后馬上應(yīng)用.這樣就可以根據(jù)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)需要靈活調(diào)控課堂進(jìn)程.
例如,授課伊始用"向老師介紹幾位同學(xué)"這一活動(dòng)直接引出who和that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。此活動(dòng)十分貼近學(xué)生生活實(shí)際,降低了描述的難度,激發(fā)了學(xué)生的表達(dá)興趣。下一步,筆者以生動(dòng)有趣的謎語(yǔ)將學(xué)生帶到具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中,并讓學(xué)生自己比較和總結(jié)新的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象。此時(shí),教師只是充當(dāng)了知識(shí)的引導(dǎo)者,有效避免了枯燥,單調(diào)的講解和練習(xí)活動(dòng),充分發(fā)揮了學(xué)生的主體作用。
2、任務(wù)貼近生活且有意義,易于承載語(yǔ)言和提高能力,體現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言的工具性。在教學(xué)的后期活動(dòng)中,筆者將學(xué)生帶到"學(xué)校生活"這一話題上,讓他們根據(jù)自身的感受表達(dá)對(duì)學(xué)校,老師,校長(zhǎng)的看法。最后,讓學(xué)生給校長(zhǎng)寫一封建議信,這就更加激發(fā)了學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言的積極性,使語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)更加具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
3、各環(huán)節(jié)銜接緊密,切換順利
本節(jié)課雖然有較多的活動(dòng),但是各個(gè)活動(dòng)都具有明確的教學(xué)目標(biāo),活動(dòng)之間聯(lián)系緊密,學(xué)生容易理解和接受。例如,最開(kāi)始談?wù)撏瑢W(xué),描述學(xué)校圖片的活動(dòng)為之后讓學(xué)生談?wù)摾硐胫械膶W(xué)校做了很好的語(yǔ)言和話題上的鋪墊。筆者利用教師猜學(xué)生的情景,自然設(shè)置了讓學(xué)生猜測(cè)教師的活動(dòng),從而為引出下一步的謎語(yǔ)做了自然的鋪墊,然后有用謎語(yǔ)切換到對(duì)學(xué)校的介紹。這樣就充分保持了教學(xué)的連貫性和學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。
4、知識(shí)安排和活動(dòng)設(shè)置明確,有梯度
本節(jié)課在知識(shí)的安排與活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)上強(qiáng)調(diào)了任務(wù)型教學(xué)的階梯性原則。在知識(shí)教授方面,先介紹了who和that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句;之后介紹which和that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句;然后讓學(xué)生通過(guò)將兩個(gè)或三個(gè)單句連成一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句,鞏固前兩步所學(xué)內(nèi)容;最后,開(kāi)放式的任務(wù)活動(dòng)綜合了前面所呈現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言由點(diǎn)到面,由詞句到篇章的架構(gòu).任務(wù)活動(dòng)也是從介紹同學(xué)開(kāi)始,到對(duì)學(xué)校的描述,最后對(duì)理想中的學(xué)校,教師等綜合事物的評(píng)論,是學(xué)生有序,完整地表達(dá)了自己的思想.
5、語(yǔ)言擴(kuò)展適度
由于本節(jié)課設(shè)計(jì)的活動(dòng)比較貼近學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際,并且有一定的靈活性和開(kāi)放性,學(xué)生若想完整地表達(dá)自己的思想,僅靠課本知識(shí)是不夠的.這期間學(xué)生可能由于知識(shí)所限而出現(xiàn)一些表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤,這是很正常的.但這期間學(xué)生有了接觸更多語(yǔ)言素材的機(jī)會(huì).教師在指導(dǎo)和糾正其錯(cuò)誤的過(guò)程中,可以適當(dāng)呈現(xiàn)或講解新的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn),讓他們接觸到更多的語(yǔ)言知識(shí).
當(dāng)然,這節(jié)課也不是盡善盡美的.很多環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì)回因?qū)W生的變化而出現(xiàn)不同的情況和效果,因而要求教師有更加靈活的操控和應(yīng)變能力。
定語(yǔ)從句教案 5
Teaching Aims:(教學(xué)目的)
1、初步了解定語(yǔ)從句的概念、結(jié)構(gòu)。
2、初步學(xué)習(xí)并掌握定語(yǔ)從句的規(guī)則,尤其是關(guān)系代詞『who,which,that以及whose』的用法。
Teaching Points:(教學(xué)重點(diǎn))
1.定語(yǔ)從句三要素及關(guān)系詞的選用
2.只能that或which的情況;
Teaching Methods:(教學(xué)方法)
1、舉例講解,說(shuō)明定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
2、以講練結(jié)合的方法加深學(xué)生印象。
Teaching Steps:(教學(xué)步驟)
Step1.導(dǎo)入
一、定語(yǔ)及定語(yǔ)從句的概念:
a beautiful girl a handsome boy a clever child
1、 定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾名次或代詞的。
This is the boy who is clever.
2、定語(yǔ)從句(Attributive Clauses)定義:在主從復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的`從句 定語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn):
定語(yǔ)從句
的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞where (地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))關(guān)系副詞
when (時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
why (原因狀語(yǔ))
Step2:詳細(xì)講解定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
1、who和whom指人,在從句中分別做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可被省略。
the handsome
the tall
the strong boy The boy is Tom.
the clever
the naughty
The boy is Tom.
2、which指物,在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可被省略。
3、that既可指人也可指物,在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可被省略。
4、whose作定語(yǔ),用來(lái)表示先行詞和從句主語(yǔ)之間的所屬關(guān)系。
Step3 定語(yǔ)從句考查重點(diǎn):
定語(yǔ)從句在下列情況下只能用that,而不能用which指物。(指人時(shí)可以用who/whom)
1. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如:
2. 當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等代詞時(shí),或當(dāng)先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時(shí)。如:
3. 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如:
4. 當(dāng)先行詞被表示“正是”的the very, the only修飾時(shí)。如:
5. 當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)。如:
6. 當(dāng)先行詞為人與動(dòng)物或人與物時(shí)。如:
Step 4 Summary:(小結(jié)) 注意 關(guān)系詞的實(shí)質(zhì):
Step 5 Practices(homework):
Part 1.結(jié)合課文例句,找出先行詞和關(guān)系詞
1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that nigh.
2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away.
3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
Part2 名言名句欣賞
1. He laughs best who laughs last.
2. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
3. He that gains time gains all things.
4. He who nothing questions, nothing learns.
5. He that cannot ask cannot live.
6. A friend is someone who knows all about you and still loves you.
7. God helps those who help themselves.
8. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man
9. He who does not advance loses ground.
Part3 practice
1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother?
A. who B. which C. whose D. /
2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom
A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C
3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake.
A. who B. that C. which D. A and B
4. This is the only present _____ I like.
A. who B. that C. which D. B and C
5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen.
A. which B. who C. where D. /
6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
7. Is there anything else _____ you need?
A. which B. that C. who D. what
8. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here.
A. where B. which C. what D. who
9. Most of the people ____ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives.
A. when B. who C. how D. which
10. The boy ____ you saw just now is Tom’s brother.
A. which B. whose C. when D. /
11. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman.
A. which B. that C. it D. whom
12. Is this the factory _____ you worked five years ago?
A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that
二、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空
1. Do you like the present _______ I bought you yesterday?
2. The storybook _______ was written by his uncle is quite interesting.
3. The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needs your help.
4. This is the best movie _______ we have seen this year.
5. The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America.
6. The passengers and the suitcases _____ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane.
7. Who is the girl _______ you want to make friends with?
8. This is the last lesson _______ Mr. Smith taught us.
9. I, _____ am your friend, will help you out.
10. The building ___________ wall is white is my uncle’s house.
11. The boy _______ John spoke with is my brother.
12. Will you please lend me the very picture _________ you bought yesterday?
13. The students ________ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.
14. The season _________ comes after spring is summer.
15. This is the first museum __________ we visited last Saturday.
16. The girl ________ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital.
17. I found some photos of interesting places _________ were not far away from our city.
18. There is a boy downstairs _________ want to see you.
19. The river ________ banks are covered with trees is very long.
20. I’m going to meet Tom ______ they say is a good boy.
定語(yǔ)從句教案 6
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
本節(jié)課主要讓學(xué)生明確不同類型的定語(yǔ)從句,并正確運(yùn)用
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)
1. 明確限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句用法的差異
2. 限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句先行詞的區(qū)別
教學(xué)難點(diǎn)
如何正確運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句
教學(xué)過(guò)程
一、課程導(dǎo)入
本單元我們將在原有知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上學(xué)習(xí)新的單詞和詞組,擴(kuò)大詞匯量和知識(shí)面,進(jìn)一步提高英語(yǔ)水平。英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)需要從“聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫”各個(gè)方面著手,提高整體運(yùn)用能力。
二、復(fù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)
復(fù)習(xí)之前所學(xué)的定語(yǔ)從句,并寫出限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,試著讓學(xué)生分析從句類型。
本節(jié)課主要對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句常考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
三、知識(shí)講解
知識(shí)點(diǎn) 1 限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1
【考查點(diǎn)】非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明,通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句作用是說(shuō)明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
2. 當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞、物主代詞或指示代詞所修飾時(shí),其后的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性的
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
3. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞,對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾,這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù),Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
4. 有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞
5. 在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中,不能用關(guān)系副詞why和關(guān)系代詞that,而用who, whom代表人,用which,whose代表事物,如果需要用why,可用for which代替
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】正確區(qū)分限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2
【考查點(diǎn)】關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】選取正確的介詞
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3
【考查點(diǎn)】 由as, which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,as和which可代整個(gè)主句,相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,有“正如……,正像……”的意思.which在句中,譯為這。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one"s health.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】正確運(yùn)用as和which
知識(shí)點(diǎn) 2 介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1
【考查點(diǎn)】介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí): 從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)
當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面時(shí),關(guān)系代詞只能用which/whom即“介詞+which/whom"且不能省略。但當(dāng)介詞位于末尾時(shí)可用that/which/who/whom.作介詞的賓語(yǔ),且可以省略。
The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. "that/which"可以省略
= The school in which he once studied is very famous. "which”不可省略
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】注意介詞的位置
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2
【考查點(diǎn)】介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句要注意:
1. 含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開(kāi)使用,如:look for, look after, take care of等
T This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T=正確)
F This is the watch for which I am looking. (F=錯(cuò)誤)
2. 若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前,關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用whom,不可用who或者that;指物時(shí)用which,不能用that;關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose
The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)
3. “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞、數(shù)詞或者名詞。
He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】正確運(yùn)用介詞+關(guān)系代詞
知識(shí)點(diǎn) 3 判斷介詞和關(guān)系代詞
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1
【考查點(diǎn)】用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ),就必須要求用關(guān)系副詞或者是介詞加關(guān)系代詞;而及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ),則要求用關(guān)系代詞。
(錯(cuò))This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(對(duì))This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】正確辨別謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
知識(shí)點(diǎn) 4 特定情況
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1
【考查點(diǎn)】先行詞表示“情形、情況、場(chǎng)合、火候”這類的名詞condition, situation, case, circumstance, state, scene, extent, point等等。
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】正確辨別謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2
【考查點(diǎn)】the way做先行詞時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞用:that/in which/ /
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】正確運(yùn)用引導(dǎo)詞
知識(shí)點(diǎn) 5 定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1
【考查點(diǎn)】
1. 定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞,它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系;同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容,是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的關(guān)系
(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London.定語(yǔ)從句
(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear.同位語(yǔ)從句
2. 定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),關(guān)系詞在句中充當(dāng)成分,有時(shí)可以省略;同位語(yǔ)從句主要由that引導(dǎo),在句中一般不做成分;句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導(dǎo),充當(dāng)成分
(1) The news he told me is true.
(2) The news that he has just died is true.
3. 同位語(yǔ)從句和先行詞一般可以用be動(dòng)詞發(fā)展成一個(gè)完整的句子,而定語(yǔ)從句不可以發(fā)展成一個(gè)完整的`句子,(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.同位語(yǔ)
(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】注意引導(dǎo)詞在句中的成分
知識(shí)點(diǎn) 6 定語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
考點(diǎn)/易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1
【考查點(diǎn)】定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞在從句中還要做某種成分,因而從句成分不完整;而結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞不作句子任何成分,因此句子成分完整。如:
It is such an interesting book as we all like. 它是我們大家都喜歡的如此有趣的書。(定語(yǔ)從句)
It is such an interesting book that we all like it. 它是一本如此有趣的書,我么大家都喜歡它。
(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)
【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】正確區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
四、例題精析
【例題1】
Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
【答案】C
【解析】此為非限定性從句,不能用that修飾,而用which.,it和he都使后句成為句子,兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。
況且選he句意不通。
【例題2】
This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen.
A. when B. where C. that D. on which
【答案】B
【解析】因?yàn)樵诖祟}中where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,表示“在這種種況下”,與in which相當(dāng)。
【例題3】
Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
【答案】D
【解析】is后應(yīng)跟表語(yǔ),只有the one可以,而后面的you visited a few days ago則做one的定語(yǔ)從句
【例題4】
The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
【答案】A
【解析】with which是"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu),常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with有"用"的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),即he is writing with a pen.。
定語(yǔ)從句教案 7
一、概說(shuō)
定語(yǔ)從句即指在主從復(fù)合句用作定語(yǔ)的從句。定語(yǔ)從句通常修飾名詞或代詞,對(duì)它進(jìn)行限制、描繪和說(shuō)明。受定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞語(yǔ)叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞語(yǔ)叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞按其性質(zhì)又分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞不僅引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,同時(shí)還在定語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。
如:The girl who spoke is my best friend. 講話的姑娘是我最好的朋友。
此句中,who spoke是由關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,用以修飾先行詞the girl,同時(shí)who 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作主語(yǔ)。
This is the town where I was born. 這就是我出生的城市。
此句中,where I was born是由關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,用以修飾先行詞the town,同時(shí)where在定語(yǔ)從句中用作狀語(yǔ)。
二、關(guān)系詞的用法與辨析
1. 關(guān)系詞的用法
關(guān)系詞分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞主要的有 that, who, whom, whose, which, as 等,其中who和whom 只用于指人,which和as 只用于指事物,whose和 that既可于指人也可用于指物,它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ);關(guān)系副詞主要有when, where 和why,其中when表示時(shí)間,where表地點(diǎn),why表原因,它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中均用作狀語(yǔ):
A plane is a machine that can fly. 飛機(jī)是一種能飛行的機(jī)器。(that指物,在從句中用作主語(yǔ))
I have forgotten everything that I learnt at school. 我把學(xué)校學(xué)的所有東西都給忘了。(that指物,在從句中句作賓語(yǔ))
The man who lives in that house is my uncle. 住在那座房子里的人是我叔叔。(who指人,在從句中作主語(yǔ))
The house whose windows are broken is empty. 破了窗戶的那座房子是空的。(whose指物,在從句中作定語(yǔ))
There are some students whose questions I can’t answer. 有些學(xué)生提出的問(wèn)題我回答不了。(whose指人,在從句中作定語(yǔ))
He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起來(lái)那么傻。(as指人,在從句作表語(yǔ))
2. 關(guān)系詞的選擇
選擇關(guān)系詞可考慮以下四點(diǎn):
(1) 一看先行詞的意義,即分清先行詞是指人、指物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)還是原因(如指物時(shí)不能用who或whom,指人時(shí)通常不用which等)。
(2) 二看關(guān)系詞的句功功能,即分清關(guān)系是擔(dān)任什么句子成分,是作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)、是作定語(yǔ)還是狀語(yǔ)等(如作定語(yǔ)通常用whose,有時(shí)也用which;作狀語(yǔ)要用when, where, why)。
(3) 三看定語(yǔ)從句的種類,即分清是限制性定語(yǔ)從句還是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(如that和why通常不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)。
(4) 四看文體,即分清是正式文體還是非正式文體,是書面語(yǔ)體還是口語(yǔ)體。
3. 關(guān)系詞的辨析
(1) 關(guān)于關(guān)系代詞that與which的區(qū)別、that與who的區(qū)別、who與whom的區(qū)別、as與which的區(qū)別等。
(2) 關(guān)系副詞when, where與why的區(qū)別是:when用于指時(shí)間,where用于指地點(diǎn),why用于指原因:
1980 was the year when he was born. 1980是他的出生年。
This is the room where he lived. 這就是他曾住過(guò)的房間。
These are the reasons why we do it. 這些就是我們這樣做的理由。
三、關(guān)系詞的省略
關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略,但這只限于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系詞則不可省略。
1. 關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞who, whom, which和that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞位于句末時(shí)的介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以省略:
Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎?
Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to? 剛才和你講話的人是誰(shuí)?
2. 關(guān)系代詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作表語(yǔ)時(shí),可以省略:
China is not the country (that) it was. 中國(guó)已不是過(guò)去的中國(guó)了。(that作表語(yǔ))
3. 關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足時(shí),可以省略:
I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. 我并不是你所認(rèn)為的那個(gè)瘋子。(that作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
4. 關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略
一般說(shuō)來(lái),關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)是不能省略的,但是在以下兩種特殊情況,也可省略:
(1) 當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句為there be 結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),作主語(yǔ)的that可以省略:
I’ve told you all (that) there is to tell. 該告訴的我都告訴你了。
(2) 當(dāng)主句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)的that, which, who有時(shí)可省略:
There’s a gentleman (who) wants to see you. 有一位先生要見(jiàn)您。
(3) 當(dāng)主句為it is結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)的that也可省略:
Here’s a little book (that) will tell you how to raise roses. 這是一本關(guān)于玫瑰花栽培的小冊(cè)子。
5. 關(guān)系副詞when的省略
用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的關(guān)系副詞when通常不能省略,但有一種特殊情況,即用于day, year, time等少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that):
That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出國(guó)了。
I’ll never forget the day (that) we met. 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我們見(jiàn)面的那一天。
6. 關(guān)系副詞where的省略
用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的關(guān)系副詞where通常不能省略,但有一種特殊情況,即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that):
This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 這就是他們昨天碰頭的地方。
Have you somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour? 你有沒(méi)有一個(gè)什么地方可以讓我躺一個(gè)小時(shí)?
7. 關(guān)系副詞why的省略
關(guān)系副詞why通常只用于the reason后引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,且通常可換成that或for which,均可省略:
That’s the reason (why, for whih, that) he reads on Qisu English APP. 這就是他在奇速英語(yǔ)APP上讀時(shí)文的原因。
四、限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
1. 形式不同
限定性定語(yǔ)從句主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)也不停頓;而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間通常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)有停頓。
2. 功能不同
限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別,如果去掉,就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整:
People who take physical exercise live longer. 進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人活得長(zhǎng)些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義)
His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓,下星期回來(lái)。(若把從句去句子意義仍然完整)
3. 翻譯不同
在翻譯定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),一般把限定性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前,而把非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句分開(kāi):
He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人。
I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀請(qǐng)了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。
4. 含義不同
比較:
I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一個(gè)醫(yī)生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一個(gè))
I have a sister ,who is a doctor. 我有一個(gè)姐姐,她是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的。(只有一個(gè)姐姐)
5.先行詞不同
限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞,而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞,也可以是短語(yǔ)或句子;另外,當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨(dú)一無(wú)二性的普通名詞時(shí),通常要用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而不用限制性定語(yǔ)從句:
Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開(kāi)車很快,這是很危險(xiǎn)的。(which指drive too fast)
He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改變了主意,這使我很生氣。(which指整個(gè)主句)
Mr. Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week. 我們的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行詞為專有名詞,要用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾)
Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 她父親很有錢,希望她出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。(先行詞為表獨(dú)一無(wú)二意義的普通名詞,要用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾)
6. 關(guān)系詞不同
關(guān)系詞that和why可用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,通常不用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;另外,在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略,而在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞一律不省略。
五、緊縮的定語(yǔ)從句
1. 關(guān)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”
該結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于正式文體中,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被緊縮的定語(yǔ)從句:
She must have time in which to grow calm. 她必須有冷靜下來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間。
Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes. 給我一點(diǎn)時(shí)間換衣服。
He was miseralbe unless he had neighbours with whom to quarrel. 他要是沒(méi)有鄰居吵架就難受。
注意,該結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞不能沒(méi)有,也不能位于不定式后面:
在那兒孩子們有個(gè)玩耍的花園。
正:There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)
正:There the children had a garden in which they could play. (較正式)
正:There the children had a garden to play in. (較口語(yǔ)化)
誤:There the children had a garden which to play in.
2. 將定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)化為分詞短語(yǔ)
有時(shí)為了簡(jiǎn)潔起見(jiàn)可將定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)化為分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ):
Who’s the girl who is sitting beisde Jim? / Who’s the girl sitting beside Jim? 坐在吉姆旁邊的女孩是誰(shuí)?
Most of the people who were invited to the party were teachers. / Most of the people invited to the party were teachers. 奇速英語(yǔ)在線學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)(www.qisuen.cn)應(yīng)邀參加晚會(huì)大多數(shù)是教師。
Anyone who touches that wire will get a shock. / Anyone touching that wire will get a shock.任何人觸到那根電線都會(huì)遭到電擊。
注意,并非所有的定語(yǔ)從句都能轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞短語(yǔ),比如那些不能后置定語(yǔ)的分詞短語(yǔ)就不能與定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換:
誤:This is the boy being from the country. (being引出的分詞短語(yǔ)通常不用定語(yǔ),除非它是構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的助動(dòng)詞)
正:This is the boy who is from the country. 這是來(lái)自鄉(xiāng)下的'那個(gè)男孩。
誤:We caught the thief having stolen the car. (現(xiàn)在分詞完成式不用作定語(yǔ),即使換成一般式也不對(duì),因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)它不能先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生)
正:We caught the thief having stolen the car. 我們抓住了偷汽車的小偷。
六、應(yīng)考定語(yǔ)從句的幾個(gè)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):
1. 混淆定語(yǔ)從句與并列句
請(qǐng)看下面兩題:
(1) He has two children, and both of _____ are abroad.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
(2) He has two children, both of _____ are abroad.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
第(1)題選A,第(2)題選C。由于第(1)題中用了并列連詞and,從而使整個(gè)句子為并列句,and后應(yīng)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句,所以選A不選C;第(2)題沒(méi)有并列連詞and,both of whom are abroad為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
2. 混淆定語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)(從句)
請(qǐng)看下面的試題:
(1) Your coat is still _____ you left it.
A. where B. there C. there where D. the place where
答案選A,where引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句(=在…的地方),而不是定語(yǔ)從句。
(2) Is this school _____ your father worked in ten years ago?
A. where B. what C. that D. the one
答案選D,this school為句子主語(yǔ),the one 為表語(yǔ),your father worked in…為定語(yǔ)從句。不要誤認(rèn)為this是句子主語(yǔ),否則school前應(yīng)加冠詞the。
比較:
Is this the school _____ your father worked in ten years ago?
A. where B. what C. that D. the one (選C)
Is this the school _____ your father worked ten years ago?
A. where B. what C. that D. the one (選A)
3. 混淆定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句
請(qǐng)看下面的試題:
(1) I went upstairs ______I heard some crying.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
答案是B而不是A,when的意思是“當(dāng)…的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(upstairs為副詞,不宜用作先行詞)
(2) He is _____ a clever boy _____ we all like.
A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as
答案應(yīng)選B,而不是A。such … that …(如此…以致…)用于引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,其中的that不充當(dāng)句子成分,而such…as…中的as為關(guān)系代詞,用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在定語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)句子成分。上句中第二空之所以選as,是因?yàn)樗米鲃?dòng)詞like賓語(yǔ)。
4. 誤加與關(guān)系代詞同義的人稱代詞
誤:He is a man everyone respects him.
正:He is a man everyone respects. 他是一個(gè)人人都敬重的人。
5. 混淆關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
有的同學(xué)一看到先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的名詞,就認(rèn)為一定要用關(guān)系副詞,其實(shí)也一定。在此情況下,還要看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中是用作什么成分,若是用作狀語(yǔ),則用關(guān)系副詞,若不是用作狀語(yǔ)(如用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等)則不能用關(guān)系副詞,而用關(guān)系代詞。
比較:
This is the factory where I want to work. 這就是我想工作的工廠。(work為不及物動(dòng)詞where在從句中用作狀語(yǔ))
This is the factory that I want to visit. 這就是我想?yún)⒂^的工廠。(visit為及物動(dòng)詞,that用作visit的賓語(yǔ))
The reason why he can’t come is that he is ill. 他沒(méi)來(lái)的是因?yàn)樗×恕?come為不及物動(dòng)詞,why在定語(yǔ)從句中用作狀語(yǔ))
The reason that he put forth is very important. 他提出的理由很重要。(put forth為及物動(dòng)詞,that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作其賓語(yǔ))
6. 因逗號(hào)誤判which
有的同學(xué)一看見(jiàn)逗號(hào),就以為一定要選which而不選that,但問(wèn)題是有時(shí)根本就不是定語(yǔ)從句:
(1) If a book is in English, _____ means slow progress for you.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
(2) When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
以上兩題均應(yīng)選that,而不能選which,因?yàn)樗鼈兏静皇嵌ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。之所以選that,是因?yàn)榫渲幸延衖f和when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句,逗號(hào)后為主句,that為主句主語(yǔ)。
7. 混淆which與whose
兩者在定語(yǔ)從句中都可用作定語(yǔ),區(qū)別是:whose 的意思相當(dāng)于 one’s,而 which 的意思則相當(dāng)于 that 或 this。
比較:
(1) This is Mary, whose [= and her] father we met last week.
(2) Call again at 11, by which time [= and by that time] the meeting should be over.
七、重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)原創(chuàng)精練
1. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _____ translated into foreign languages.
A. it B. them C. which D. that
2. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _____ were translated into foreign languages.
A. it B. them C. which D. that
3. He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _____ were translated into foreign languages.
A. it B. them C. which D. that
4. Mr Smith is _____ a good teacher _____ we all respect.
A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as
5. She may have missed the train, in _______ case she won’t arrive for another hour.
A. whose B. that C. which D. what
6. If he’s only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
7. It was in the small house _____ was built with stones by his father _____ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which
C. which, which D. that, where
8. I believe the time will soon come ______ there will be no weapons in the world.
A. since B. that C. where D. when
9. The meeting was put off, _____, of course, was exactly what we wanted.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
10. The train, _____ takes only two hours to get there, is quicker than the bus, _____ takes three.
A. which, it B. it, which
C. which, which D. it, it
11. Mr Smith has bought a little house in the country, around _____ some green trees.
A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are
12. He is always really rude, ______ is why people tend to avoid him.
A. that B. it C. this D. which
13. The crisis has reached a point ______ the receiver will have to be called in.
A. when B. where C. that D. who
14. In 1980 he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers.
A. which B. that C. whose D. what
15. I’m looking for a new job, one _____ I get a bit more job satisfaction.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
16. They found a strange book, parts of _____ were difficult to understand.
A. that B. which C. what D. this
17. What have you got _____ will help a cold?
A. what B. that C. it D. who
18. Is there a shop around ______ we can buy some toilet articles?
A. that B. which C. where D. what
19. Unless I’m very much mistaken, ______ is my watch you’re wearing!
A. as B. which C. what D. that
答案:
1—5 BCBBC 6—10 DADBC 11—15 CDBCB 16—19 BBCD
定語(yǔ)從句教案 8
一、概述
課題來(lái)源:
初三英語(yǔ)
所需課件:
一課時(shí)
學(xué)習(xí)資料:
定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞who,whom,which,that,as的用法。
定語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)很重要的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目,為以后的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)打下堅(jiān)定的基礎(chǔ),也是初高考出現(xiàn)頻率較高的考點(diǎn)。
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)分析
知識(shí)與目標(biāo)分析
知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):
幫忙學(xué)生掌握關(guān)系代詞who,whom,which,that,as的用法,豐富學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法知識(shí),構(gòu)成獨(dú)立的學(xué)習(xí)潛力,能夠運(yùn)用這些知識(shí)去解決定語(yǔ)從句的習(xí)題。
過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo):
讓學(xué)生主動(dòng)參與感知——積累——理解關(guān)系代詞的過(guò)程,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)關(guān)系代詞的用法,學(xué)會(huì)探究解決問(wèn)題。
情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):
讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)到學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的樂(lè)趣。
三、學(xué)習(xí)者特征分析
初中生剛剛接觸與從句,對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)認(rèn)識(shí)不夠清楚,但是這部分資料很重要,有助于學(xué)生完善整個(gè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。
四、教學(xué)策略選取與設(shè)計(jì)
本課題主要采用啟發(fā)式教學(xué)策略,合作學(xué)習(xí),探究學(xué)習(xí)的策略,在教學(xué)中,創(chuàng)設(shè)問(wèn)題情景,以小組為單位進(jìn)行討論,合作學(xué)習(xí),得出結(jié)論。
五、教學(xué)資源與工具設(shè)計(jì)
多媒體教室計(jì)算機(jī)PPT課件
六、教學(xué)過(guò)程
第一步:復(fù)習(xí)(檢查作業(yè))
第二步:導(dǎo)入
Marry is a beautiful girl.
Marry is a girl who has long hair.
……(討論句子特征)
老師總結(jié):什么是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞,引出定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。
第三步:介紹引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞。
第四步:詳細(xì)介紹這些關(guān)系代詞的用法。
第五步:習(xí)題(加深印象)
第六步:課后總結(jié)
第七步:布置作業(yè)
七、幫忙和總結(jié)
教師以啟發(fā)誘導(dǎo)的方式向?qū)W生帶給幫忙和指導(dǎo),針對(duì)不一樣的學(xué)習(xí)間斷的學(xué)生采取不一樣的幫忙和指導(dǎo),之處不一樣水平的要求,給予不一樣的幫忙。對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)潛力強(qiáng)的能夠以暗示的`方式進(jìn)行指示,對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)潛力差的學(xué)生能夠透過(guò)逐步深入的方式進(jìn)行討論。
在學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束后,對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)做出簡(jiǎn)單的總結(jié),能夠布置一些練習(xí)題,以強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)效果。
八、教學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)設(shè)計(jì)
建立量規(guī),向?qū)W生展示他們將被如何評(píng)價(jià)(來(lái)自教師和小組其他成員的評(píng)價(jià))。另外,能夠建立一個(gè)自我評(píng)價(jià)表,這樣學(xué)生能夠用它對(duì)自我的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。
定語(yǔ)從句教案 9
一、設(shè)計(jì)背景
1. 初步掌握及運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句,如讓學(xué)生用定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)完成對(duì)人物喜歡的人物進(jìn)行描述,如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。
2. 本課的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)就是能初步掌握及運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句,為了使學(xué)生順利地完成教學(xué)任務(wù),教師以學(xué)生為主體,為學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了幾個(gè)以他們的認(rèn)知水平出發(fā)的符合生活實(shí)際的他們感興趣的一環(huán)扣一環(huán)的子任務(wù),每個(gè)子任務(wù)緊緊圍繞總?cè)蝿?wù)展開(kāi),再深入,在一個(gè)一個(gè)完成任務(wù)的活動(dòng)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力。
二.教學(xué)目標(biāo)
(1)語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):能用定語(yǔ)從句較自如地描述及談?wù)撊撕臀铩T诨顒?dòng)中訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽(tīng)力,口頭表達(dá)能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察,想象和創(chuàng)造力。
(2)情感目標(biāo):促進(jìn)同學(xué)間積極合作交流,發(fā)展同學(xué)間的友誼 。
2.教學(xué)方法 :多媒體的運(yùn)用能創(chuàng)設(shè)真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言情景,學(xué)生也很感興趣,極大地鼓動(dòng)了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的積極性,而且呈現(xiàn)在課堂上能使教學(xué)更生活化,也更直觀和具體。
三、教學(xué)方法
以學(xué)生為主體,用多媒體輔助教學(xué),通過(guò)幫助學(xué)生理解、歸納、總結(jié)、討論等方式學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句,由于本節(jié)課是學(xué)生第一次系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句,要達(dá)到讓學(xué)生初步掌握定語(yǔ)從句這一目的。
四、學(xué)法指導(dǎo)、自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)
五、教學(xué)過(guò)程
第一環(huán)節(jié): 觀察以下例句:
1.The red pen is broken.
2.The pen on the desk is broken.
3.The pen that I bought yesterday is broken.
導(dǎo)入:通過(guò)對(duì)定語(yǔ)的理解,導(dǎo)入定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句的概念,定語(yǔ):用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子,當(dāng)修飾詞是一個(gè)句子時(shí)被稱為定語(yǔ)從句。通常置于它所修飾的詞之后,這種被修飾的詞叫做先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等,關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中只用作狀語(yǔ)。
例句分析:
I like to have friends who are like me.
I like to have friends who are different from me.
He is the only one who is studying French.
Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark.
You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep.
He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man.
I like musicians who play different kinds of music.
Another that he found very difficult is grammar.
The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.
Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do.
I like music that I can sing along with.
I like music that has great lyrics.
I like music that I can dance to.
得出結(jié)論1)當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用which/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),用which/that引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
2)當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用who/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用who/that/whom引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
第二環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句有了初步的`了解后,創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,學(xué)以致用,讓學(xué)生分組活動(dòng),根據(jù)多媒體呈現(xiàn)的情境,有創(chuàng)造性地造句:
This is a singer who/that …
who is a boy.
who is very shy.
who writes his own songs.
who has a song calledQinghuaci.
Who I like best.
It’s an animal that/which is very strong.
It’s an animal that/which has long nose and big ears.
It’s an animal that/which I like very much.
第三環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對(duì)一般的規(guī)律都把握好以后,把學(xué)生的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)和定語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)呈現(xiàn)在屏幕上,讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察并作出總結(jié),該環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)得很好,很好地訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的觀察能力和主動(dòng)探究的能力,效果較好。
仔細(xì)觀察:你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?
1) I prefershoesthat are cool.
2) I likea pizzathat is really delicious.
3) I lovesingerswho are beautiful.
4) I havea friendwho plays sports.
學(xué)生觀察后得出的結(jié)論為:
who/that在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。
定語(yǔ)從句教案 10
一.Teaching goals:
1, 英語(yǔ)中,定語(yǔ)的定義和作用
2, 定語(yǔ)從句的定義和作用
3, 如何用英語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)更完善的意思
4, 如何改寫定語(yǔ)從句。
二.Important and difficult points:
1,定語(yǔ)從句的表達(dá)和運(yùn)用,
2,改寫定語(yǔ)從句
三.Teaching procedures :
Step 1: Lead ---in
(1) greet the class as usual
(2) lead—in by asking two questions:
T:Do you konw what we will learn today?
First ,let`s look at the screen,there are two questions and some pictures:
Question 1: What fruit do you like to eat?
Question 2: Do you like dress or skirt?
Step 2: Presentation
Task one: think about the two questions,and tell your answers
Task two: 引入定語(yǔ)( Attributive )的概念,并舉例。
定語(yǔ):定語(yǔ)用來(lái)限定、修飾名詞或代詞的,是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子
定語(yǔ)從句講解教案
漢語(yǔ)中常用’……的’表示。主要由形容詞擔(dān)任。此外,名詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,分詞,副詞,不定式以及介詞短語(yǔ)也可以來(lái)?yè)?dān)任,也可以由一個(gè)句子來(lái)?yè)?dān)任.單詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞之前,作前置定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)和從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則放在所修飾的`詞之后,作后置定語(yǔ)。
先行詞:被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞、代詞稱為先行詞
Task three: 引入定語(yǔ)從句的(The Attributive Clauses)的概念,
定語(yǔ)從句教案 11
教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1.學(xué)生能掌握關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的正確使用。
2.學(xué)生能正確理解整個(gè)句子的意思
教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):
定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞(who, whom, whose,that , which,when,where, why)的正確使用
教學(xué)過(guò)程:
例子導(dǎo)入:
The girl is my sister.
is my sister.
先行詞定語(yǔ)從句
一、定義:在復(fù)合句中,用來(lái)修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞、代詞叫先
行詞。定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞之后。
先行詞(物) ↘引導(dǎo)詞(that指代the music)
She is a 先行詞(人)↘引導(dǎo)詞(who指代a girl)
二、引導(dǎo)詞who, whom, whose,that , which(表人、表物,作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ))
關(guān)系副詞:when,where, why, (表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因,作狀語(yǔ))
(1)先行詞表人時(shí)可用who,that或whom
分點(diǎn)練習(xí):① He is a boy(______ is confident.)
主語(yǔ)
② (介詞提前)
③ He is the teacher ( ______ you are waiting for.)
賓語(yǔ)
歸納總結(jié):當(dāng)先行詞是人:①引導(dǎo)詞在句中作主語(yǔ),引導(dǎo)詞用who,that
③引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ),引導(dǎo)詞用who/whom
小試牛刀:1.Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?
A. who B. whom C. which
2.He is a man ( _______ we can learn).
A. whom B. from which C. from whom
learn from
【2013廣東湛江】25. —Look! That is the woman I met yesterday.
—Oh? She’s my aunt.
A. whatB. who C. where D. when
【2013廣東】45. The young lady ______ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A. whoB. whom C. whichD. whose
(2)whose的使用
名詞
A. whichB. whose C. that
引導(dǎo)詞后面有名詞(表所屬)時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞用whose
(3)先行詞表物時(shí),用that或which
that與which的區(qū)別:
that和which都可表物,一般可互換,但下列情況只用that
1. I’m sure she has something ______ you can borrow.
A. thatB. which
⑴ 先行詞為:that 2. I’ve read ⑵ 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)
4. This is the only book that belongs to him.
⑷先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the best, the last等修飾時(shí)
6. There is a book on the desk belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的
⑹在
7 Who is the girl ______ spoke to you just now?
Which is the car ______ was made in China?
A. thatB. who C. which
[7].當(dāng)主句 that
鞏固練習(xí): Who is the man ______ I saw yesterday.
小試牛刀: I like the music _______ he writes.A. /B. whoC. why D when
只用which的情況:
1.This is the house in ______ he lives.A. thatB. whichC. who
1.先行詞是物,且介詞提前用which
The school (______ my father works) looks very beautiful.
(my father works in the school)
A. which B. in thatC. in which
對(duì)比:Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?
A. who B. whom C. which
先行詞是人,且介詞提前用_______.
2.先行詞(物)與引導(dǎo)詞之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句),用which
He lives in a house, _______ has many trees around it.
A. thatB. whichC. who
3.先行詞為that, those時(shí),用which
【2011廣東】44. The first thing _____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.
A. whichB. thatC. why D. who
【2011廣州】The story ______ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.
A. whose B. who C. that D. where
【2013安徽】49. I still remember the college and the teachers_____________I visited in London years ago.
A. whatB. who C. that D. which
(4)關(guān)系副詞when, where,why的用法:
先行詞是一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的詞如:time, hour, day, month, year時(shí),其所對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞如在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(不充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)),則用關(guān)系副詞when。
1.先行詞,在句中作狀語(yǔ)。
2. This is the factory ________ my father works.
拓展:當(dāng)point, situation,conditions等詞作先行詞表抽象的地點(diǎn),其后常由where引導(dǎo)
1.Can you think out a situation ________ this word can be used?
2. Her illness has developed to the point ________ nobody can cure her.
3. That is the reason (why) I did it.
Do you know the reason(why)she has changed her mind?
(5)在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系副詞互換。
The day when (=on which) she arrived was Thursday. 她到的那天是星期四。
July and August are the months when (=in which) the weather is hot. 七八月是天氣很熱的月份 This is the hotel where ( =in which / at which) they were staying. 這就是他們當(dāng)時(shí)住的旅店 Do you remember the place where (=at which) we had lunch? 你記得我們吃午飯的地方嗎?
The reason why (=for which) I came here was to be with my family. 我到這里來(lái)的'原因是要跟我的家里人在一起
小試牛刀:This is the factory in ________ my father works.
解析:這里填which,in which=where
拓展:判斷找引導(dǎo)詞是關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞,找出定語(yǔ)從句的主謂賓,先使其變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單的肯定句看缺什么成分。
This is the city (which/that) you visited last year.
(you visited the city last year).先行詞直接充當(dāng)visited的賓語(yǔ),缺的是賓語(yǔ),所以用which或that
如:This is the city where you stayed last year.
先行詞也是the city,將其放入定語(yǔ)從句中不能直接作成分,必須加上介詞in,一起做從句的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于in +which所以此處用where就必須要求;而系副詞。)
小試牛刀:
1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one
解析:例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 所缺部分為主句的表語(yǔ),從句的賓語(yǔ),而where, on which都不能起到賓語(yǔ)的作用,而that只作從句賓語(yǔ),還缺主句的表語(yǔ), 只有the one既做了主句的表語(yǔ),又可做從句的賓語(yǔ),可以省略關(guān)系代詞that,所以應(yīng)選D。
例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語(yǔ)表地點(diǎn),既可用副詞where,又因 in the museum詞組,可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。而此題中,介詞on 用的不對(duì),所以選A。
鞏固練習(xí):2 Ill never forget the days______I spent in the countryside.
A. whereB. thatC. on whichD.when
we visited last week.
定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)的形式
① There are the twins who ______ in the next door. A. liveB. lives C. lived
② A. tellB. is telling C. tells
先行詞
總結(jié):㈠從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與_先行詞_的單復(fù)數(shù)一致,(當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)時(shí))
鞏固練習(xí):
1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well.
A. thatB. who C. what D. /
2.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help.
A .thatB. whoC. from whom D. to whom
3.Do you live near the building ______color is yellow?
A. that B. which C. whose D. its
定語(yǔ)從句教案 12
Step1: Lead-in
首先通過(guò)首頁(yè)進(jìn)入網(wǎng)站,教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀看Flash動(dòng)畫影片。影片展示了我校優(yōu)美的校園環(huán)境和校園景觀。然后學(xué)生運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句談?wù)撐倚5娜撕褪拢▌?chuàng)校人黃彰任先生以及體現(xiàn)我校英語(yǔ)教學(xué)特色的英語(yǔ)雜志等)。導(dǎo)入部分通過(guò)師生自由交談,活躍課堂氣氛,通過(guò)談?wù)搶W(xué)生熟悉的人和事,自然引入定語(yǔ)從句的教學(xué)。
Step 2 :Online learning
點(diǎn)擊學(xué)習(xí)按鈕布置學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù),讓學(xué)生自主選擇查看定語(yǔ)從句相關(guān)內(nèi)容和視頻講解。首先學(xué)生要完成一段聽(tīng)力練習(xí),找出聽(tīng)力材料中的定語(yǔ)從句,填寫出先行詞。然后學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí),選擇定語(yǔ)從句中自己不清楚的知識(shí)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上自主學(xué)習(xí),并完成有關(guān)這一部分的練習(xí),針對(duì)不同內(nèi)容設(shè)置了不同練習(xí)。如果學(xué)生個(gè)體在學(xué)習(xí)中遇到困難,可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流平臺(tái),與同學(xué)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上互助學(xué)習(xí),互相探討解決問(wèn)題。老師也可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流平臺(tái)上及時(shí)進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)。學(xué)生在自主學(xué)習(xí)中充分感受到學(xué)習(xí)的自主和個(gè)性化,培養(yǎng)了自主學(xué)習(xí)能力,更感受到交流互動(dòng)式學(xué)習(xí)的'快樂(lè)。有一些定語(yǔ)從句的講解配備了視頻講解,視頻直觀生動(dòng)的講解可以讓學(xué)生更加清楚的了解該項(xiàng)用法,并且使知識(shí)講解更節(jié)約時(shí)間,讓學(xué)生接受新知識(shí)更快速。
Step 3: Communication
學(xué)生通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)自主參與、經(jīng)歷、體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)的快樂(lè)。同時(shí)在自主學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中碰到困難時(shí),可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流平臺(tái)交換學(xué)習(xí)心得、互助合作,教師在網(wǎng)絡(luò)交流平臺(tái)上及時(shí)答疑解惑,在有限的課堂時(shí)間內(nèi)有效地解答學(xué)生疑問(wèn),實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)效果的最大化,充分提高教學(xué)效率。學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體,教師是組織者、合作者、指導(dǎo)者和促進(jìn)者。
Step 4 : Extending learning
該部分為拓展學(xué)習(xí)。共分2個(gè)部分。
1、 角色扮演。
視頻介紹我校新聘外教Jenna。Jenna將要暢游五岳名山——南岳。學(xué)生上網(wǎng)查閱有關(guān)南岳旅游的路線、景點(diǎn)介紹、飲食住宿、旅游注意事項(xiàng)等,一人扮演Jenna,一人扮演導(dǎo)游。盡量使用定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行對(duì)話。學(xué)生打開(kāi)相應(yīng)網(wǎng)頁(yè)進(jìn)行對(duì)話練習(xí)。
2、 搶答競(jìng)賽。
把學(xué)生分為2組,每組給定一分鐘時(shí)間。在給定的時(shí)間內(nèi),2組學(xué)生進(jìn)行定語(yǔ)從句造句比賽。造句最多的一組獲勝。競(jìng)賽規(guī)則是:不能超過(guò)時(shí)間;不能造重復(fù)的句子。
限時(shí)和計(jì)分采用Flash動(dòng)畫顯示,利用按鈕進(jìn)行交互控制。
Step 5: Resources
為了給學(xué)生提供更多的信息,學(xué)生可以點(diǎn)擊資源網(wǎng)頁(yè)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索和查詢。該網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)置了搜索鏈接、網(wǎng)頁(yè)鏈接。學(xué)生通過(guò)該網(wǎng)頁(yè)可以搜索他們感興趣的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容,進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)和探究學(xué)習(xí)。
Step 6 : Summary
總結(jié)學(xué)生在定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習(xí)中所取得的進(jìn)步,表?yè)P(yáng)和鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生在本堂課學(xué)習(xí)中所表現(xiàn)出的自主、合作互助學(xué)習(xí)精神。同時(shí)對(duì)同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)中碰到的困難和不足之處提出整改意見(jiàn)。
然后發(fā)表教師自己的觀點(diǎn):學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)——定語(yǔ)從句是很有必要的。但是語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)不是死記硬背,而是在交際中不斷熟悉和運(yùn)用。
最后布置課后作業(yè):Please write a composition to describe one of your friends or your school life using the Attributive Clause.學(xué)生通過(guò)發(fā)送電子郵件把作業(yè)提交給老師。
定語(yǔ)從句教案 13
一、教案背景及教材分析:
本堂課是在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)完整個(gè)初中英語(yǔ)后復(fù)習(xí)內(nèi)容中的一部分。定語(yǔ)從句是初中英語(yǔ)重要的語(yǔ)法之一,它既是重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn),是學(xué)生平時(shí)最常接觸的,它在各個(gè)題型中無(wú)所不在。因此,復(fù)習(xí)好定語(yǔ)從句是十分必須的。
這是一堂初三下學(xué)期的語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)課,內(nèi)容是定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)習(xí)。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目是初三學(xué)過(guò)的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容,在平時(shí)的練習(xí)中也經(jīng)常地接觸,所以學(xué)生對(duì)該語(yǔ)法比較熟悉。但是由于時(shí)間間隔長(zhǎng),所以某些語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)及其特殊用法可能有點(diǎn)模糊。
二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)
重點(diǎn):進(jìn)一步明確定語(yǔ)從句的`概念,熟練掌握定語(yǔ)從句中的先行詞和常見(jiàn)引導(dǎo)詞的用法
難點(diǎn):(1)讓學(xué)生積極加入到課堂情景,總是帶著問(wèn)題去研究;帶著疑問(wèn),為了用而大膽討論;(2)靈活運(yùn)用不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)
結(jié)合本課的內(nèi)容和其在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的地位,我把本節(jié)課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)特定如下:
1進(jìn)一步明確定語(yǔ)從句的概念 ,熟練掌握先行詞及其常見(jiàn)引導(dǎo)詞。
2靈活運(yùn)用不同的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,解決學(xué)習(xí)問(wèn)題。
3能運(yùn)用所學(xué)定語(yǔ)從句談?wù)撟约旱娜粘I睿枥L自己的生活,從而體驗(yàn)生活的樂(lè)趣
四、教學(xué)方法
1、教學(xué)方法
為達(dá)成上述教學(xué)目標(biāo),本人運(yùn)用任務(wù)型教學(xué)途徑,圍繞教學(xué)內(nèi)容,盡可能提供訓(xùn)練學(xué)生技能的機(jī)會(huì),開(kāi)展自主性學(xué)習(xí)的課堂活動(dòng),強(qiáng)調(diào)合作探究與獨(dú)立思考的相結(jié)合。
2、教學(xué)工具:多媒體——播放幻燈片,flash動(dòng)畫和優(yōu)美動(dòng)聽(tīng)的音樂(lè)進(jìn)行直觀教學(xué),激發(fā)興趣,調(diào)節(jié)學(xué)習(xí)疲勞,緩解學(xué)習(xí)壓力,提高學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力。
五、學(xué)習(xí)方法
《新課標(biāo)》指出 “應(yīng)讓學(xué)生掌握英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的基本方法,養(yǎng)成自主學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣”、 “為繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)和終身發(fā)展打好基礎(chǔ)”。所以,在學(xué)法上以學(xué)生養(yǎng)、練能力為出發(fā)點(diǎn)。
1、自主學(xué)習(xí)法:為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力,提高學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行思維和表達(dá)的能力,設(shè)置一些學(xué)生易于回答的問(wèn)題,讓每一個(gè)學(xué)生都主動(dòng)參與。
2、合作學(xué)習(xí)法:為了提高學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)獲取信息、處理信息、分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力,通過(guò)分組討論、學(xué)生互動(dòng)來(lái)完成。
3、探究式學(xué)習(xí)法:促進(jìn)學(xué)生實(shí)踐能力和創(chuàng)新思維的發(fā)展。為此,在重點(diǎn)的把握上,采用同學(xué)之間合作探討的方法。
六、教學(xué)過(guò)程
本節(jié)課我采用“345”教學(xué)模式,分課前延伸,課內(nèi)探究與課后提升。
課前延伸:
課前請(qǐng)同學(xué)們找一些定語(yǔ)從句,整理下來(lái)大聲朗讀,并在小組內(nèi)每人都獨(dú)立表達(dá)一句
課內(nèi)探究
(呈現(xiàn)完目標(biāo)后,多媒體展示幾幅圖片,要求學(xué)生用定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)句子,從而進(jìn)一步明確定語(yǔ)從句的概念和用法,然后給學(xué)生安排一個(gè)如下的小組活動(dòng))
(一) 你來(lái)總結(jié):常見(jiàn)定語(yǔ)從句中的引導(dǎo)詞及其用法
(總結(jié)完后,緊跟練習(xí),達(dá)到及時(shí)鞏固的目的,要求學(xué)生在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成下題)
(二)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)。(用引導(dǎo)詞填空)
The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.
5The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.
6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.
(學(xué)生小組討論后,課件展示答案,然后完成拔高題,進(jìn)一步練習(xí)對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的應(yīng)用)
(三)能力拔高:
Match the two sentences
1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates.
_______________________________________
2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.
_______________________________________
3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.
____________________________________
4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week.
(學(xué)生在討論和練習(xí)后,針對(duì)一些一錯(cuò)點(diǎn)和特殊點(diǎn)以及難點(diǎn)教師需做如下點(diǎn)撥)
(四) 精講點(diǎn)撥
1當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, nothing, all等詞時(shí),關(guān)系代詞只能用that.
2當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞,最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞只能用that.
3當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí),關(guān)系代詞只能用that.
4當(dāng)主句是以疑問(wèn)詞who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)
5當(dāng)先行詞是物且前面有the only ,the very ,the last等修飾時(shí)
專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
(1)My money is not the only thingismissing
AwhichBthatCwho
(2) Icanremember the persons and some picturesIsaw in the room.
AwhereBwhichCthat.
(3)Hewas the first personpassed the exam.
A whomBwhoCthat
(4)Is there anything ______ I can do for you?
(5).Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?
(6). Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday
(7)This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.
(8). This is the best novel _______ I have read.
注意定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致。
For example:
1I will never forgetthe poor boy who has no arms
練一練:He is the man who (teach)us English.
This is the milk that good for you
定語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
(上述幾方面要求學(xué)生當(dāng)堂記住,然后完成練習(xí),并在小組內(nèi)及時(shí)糾正.)
(習(xí)題結(jié)束后,安排一個(gè)小組活動(dòng),多媒體出示一個(gè)活動(dòng)內(nèi)容,要求以小組為單位,選擇一個(gè)話題,人人參與,并選擇一個(gè)代表進(jìn)行描述,必須用上定語(yǔ)從句,教師注意對(duì)小組及時(shí)評(píng)價(jià))
定語(yǔ)從句教案 14
Attributive Clause 定語(yǔ)從句
I. Teaching Aims:(教學(xué)目的)
1、了解定語(yǔ)從句的位置、結(jié)構(gòu)以及翻譯;
2、學(xué)習(xí)并掌握定語(yǔ)從句的規(guī)則,尤其是關(guān)系代詞的選擇。
II. Teaching Points:(教學(xué)重點(diǎn))
1、定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞以及關(guān)系代詞的概念;
2、關(guān)系代詞的選擇。
III. Teaching Methods:(教學(xué)方法)
1、歌曲引入法,小魔術(shù)引導(dǎo)法;
2、舉例講解,說(shuō)明定語(yǔ)從句的用法;
3、以講練結(jié)合的方法加深學(xué)生印象。
IV. Teaching Steps:(教學(xué)步驟)
Step one: lead-in (導(dǎo)入)
Firstly,enjoy the music “Take me to your heart”.
T: What’s the name of the song?
Ss: It is Take me to your heart.T: Do you like the song whose name is Take me to your heart? Ss: I like the song whose name is Take me to your heart very much.
Secondly, show the students your favorite sentence:“ All I need is someone who makes me wanna sing. DO you know how to sing this sentence?
引出這句你最愛(ài)的歌詞,具體是什么樣的句型結(jié)構(gòu),留個(gè)懸念,大家拭目以待!最后揭曉。
Step two: 引入定語(yǔ)從句概念
老師拿出兩根繩子,要求學(xué)生想個(gè)辦法將兩根繩子合二為一,學(xué)生提出各種方案,由此引出重要的概念:定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞,關(guān)系詞。
在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ),修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句通常置于先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞主要有關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, which, that, whose) 和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)。 注意:本堂課重點(diǎn)講解關(guān)系代詞的選擇。
eg1: This is a dream. The dream never comes true.
This is a dream which/that never comes true. (這是一個(gè)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢(mèng).)
eg2: Harry Porter is a boy.Harry Porter has magic power.
Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.(哈利波特是個(gè)有魔法的男孩.)
Step three: 詳細(xì)講解定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
1. 以實(shí)例分析定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞以及關(guān)系詞的
概念;
2. 列出常用關(guān)系詞,主要是關(guān)系代詞。表格展示。說(shuō)明如果關(guān)系詞在從句中做賓語(yǔ),可以省略;
3. 關(guān)系詞的.選擇:(1)確定先行詞;(2)關(guān)系詞所替代的先行詞是指人還是指物;
(3)關(guān)系詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑?/p>
4. 實(shí)例鞏固;
5. 游戲:A guessing game 根據(jù)描述猜人(姚明)。然后根據(jù)中文簡(jiǎn)介,自己練習(xí)使用定語(yǔ)從句;
6. 定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯。不管引導(dǎo)詞是哪一個(gè),都翻譯為“……的”;
7. 基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)關(guān)系詞的選擇;
8. Attention: 雖然that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 只用that不用which。
(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾時(shí)。
(2) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。
(3) 先行詞被the only, the very(恰恰), the same, the last修飾時(shí)。
(4) 先行詞同時(shí)含有人和物時(shí)。
9. Have a try! 練習(xí)鞏固;
10. 高考鏈接。
Summary:(小結(jié))讓學(xué)生自己進(jìn)行總結(jié),老師適時(shí)給出一定的引導(dǎo)。 Homework:(作業(yè))
1. 預(yù)習(xí)關(guān)系副詞的使用;
2. 每人造五個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的例句,可以描述人,物體以及事情。
Teaching reflection: (教學(xué)反思)
總的來(lái)說(shuō)整堂課的氣氛基本達(dá)到我的預(yù)想,教學(xué)內(nèi)容也得以輸出。但是卻未能準(zhǔn)確把握上課時(shí)間,由于內(nèi)容偏多,導(dǎo)致后半節(jié)課有些許趕進(jìn)度,這就影響了整個(gè)教學(xué)效果,我想這是經(jīng)驗(yàn)不夠的緣故。此外,課件部分的聲效似乎不是非常適合,有些過(guò)于突兀。但還是要給自己鼓勵(lì),因?yàn)闆](méi)有出現(xiàn)預(yù)想的緊張等情緒。繼續(xù)努力!
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