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商務(wù)信函寫作規(guī)則
寫信的原則(writing principles)已從原來的3(conciseness, clearness, courtesy)發(fā)展到目前的7個(gè)"c":
completeness, clearness, concreteness, conciseness, correctness, courtesy,consideration)
實(shí)例
dear sirs,
with reference to your letter of april 9, we are pleased to accept your offer of 100 tons of copper wire as per your offer sheet no.8/070/02b. please go ahead and apply for your export license. as soon as we are informed of the number of the export license we will open the l/c by cable.
copper wire
大意:
關(guān)于你們四月九日涵,我們高興地接受你們第8/070/02b號(hào)報(bào)盤單所報(bào)100噸紫色銅絲。請(qǐng)著手辦理申請(qǐng)出口許可證。 一經(jīng)接到出口許可證號(hào)碼的通知,當(dāng)即電開信用證。
要求書信的"完整", 理由有三:
1.一封完整的書信比一封不完整的書信,有更大的可能性帶來預(yù)期的效果;
2.一封完整的書信,有助于建立和表達(dá)友善關(guān)系;
3.一封完整的書信,可以避免由于遺漏重要情況(情報(bào))所導(dǎo)致的訴訟(lawsuit);
有時(shí),某些不顯眼的書信或文件,由于所提供的情況完整而又生動(dòng)有力(complete and effective)而成為極為重要的文件。一封信寫得是否完整,建議用五個(gè)"w"來檢驗(yàn),即:who, what, where, when 及why(包括how)。例如:在定貨的信中,必須明確說明"需要什么商品(what you want)、何時(shí)需要(when you need the goods) 、貨物發(fā)到何地何人收(to whom and where the goods to be sent) 、如何付款(how payment will be made) 如對(duì)對(duì)方的要求作出否定的答復(fù)時(shí)(如不能報(bào)盤,不能理賠等)應(yīng)說明理由,為什么(why)
clearness(清楚)
(一).避免使用可能產(chǎn)生不同理解或意義不明確的詞匯〈例一〉as to the steamers sailing from hongkong to san francisco, we have bimonthly direct services. (從香港到舊金山有直達(dá)船,)但是bimonthly 究竟是一個(gè)月兩次即半月一次呢,還是兩個(gè)月一次?不明確。因此,最好清楚明白地說明"一個(gè)月兩次"還是"兩個(gè)月一次":
(a)we have two direct sailings every month from hongkong to san francisco.(每月兩次直達(dá)船)(b)we have semimonthly direct sailing from hongkong to san francisco.(每半月一次直達(dá)船)(c)we have a direct sailing from hongkong to san francisco every two month.(每兩個(gè)月一次直達(dá)船)
(二)注意修飾詞的位置,有時(shí)修飾詞的位置不同,會(huì)導(dǎo)致不同的含意如:a) please let us know what you wish us to do about this matter as soon as possible; b) please let us know as soon as possible what you wish us to do about this matter. 以上兩句中的""修飾的內(nèi)容不同:a) 你們要求我們盡快做些什么。b) 請(qǐng)盡快告訴我們。所以a) 可譯成"請(qǐng)告你們要我們?yōu)榇吮M快做些什么";? b) 可譯為"請(qǐng)盡快告知,你們要我們?yōu)榇耸伦鲂┦裁?quot;。
(三)注意代名詞,關(guān)系代詞和先行詞的關(guān)系按照英語習(xí)慣,句子中的代名詞和關(guān)系代詞一般是指離得最近的名詞,因此要特別注意,以免引起誤解或不清楚。例句:不好:they informed messrs.john & smith that they would receive an answer in a few days. 較好:they informed messrs. john & smith that latter would receive an answer in a few days.
(四)注意前后一致和緊湊,連貫不一致:being a certified public accountant, i am sure you can help us. 一致:being a certified public accountant, you can surely help us. or; as you are a certified public accountant, i am sure you can help us.
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