- 相關推薦
WD企業應收賬款管理困境探析論文
摘 要
應收賬款是企業進行賒銷而形成的未收回貨款,是企業流動資產的重要組成部分,它的管理是否科學與企業的長遠發展息息相關。眾多企業的外部經營環境發生著深刻的變化,市場格局從企業主導的賣方市場逐步轉變為消費者主導的買方市場,行業內競爭激烈。為了在變化中謀求生存,發揮競爭優勢,擴大市場份額,企業紛紛嘗試在銷售中采用分期付款、賒銷等信用交易方式。然而,在信用銷售的過程中,企業又面臨著新的困境。大量應收賬款使企業資金被無償占用,無法及時回籠。不僅難以滿足自身資金周轉的需要,還導致壞賬風險增加,利潤質量受到影響。事實上,大量文獻顯示,我國企業在應收賬款管理方面的確存在諸多不足,平均壞賬率高達 10%,是歐美企業的 20 倍。國內企業在市場環境趨緊,需求萎縮,經營困難加重的形勢下,唯有積極改善應收賬款質量,提高資金使用效率,才能保證企業的持續健康發展。因此,對我國企業應收賬款管理的現狀進行研究具有現實意義。
本文基于國內外學者對應收賬款管理的研究成果,對相關理論進行了歸納和總結,其中較為細致地闡述了幾個常用的應收賬款質量評價方法及指標。在此基礎上,以我國制造企業 WD 公司為研究對象,對其應收賬款的質量和管理現狀進行了分析,構造了應收賬款質量評價的重要指標體系,主要包括含應收賬款占流動資產比重、應收賬款占主營業務收入比重的規模性指標,含應收賬款增長率、主營業務收入增長率與應收賬款增長率對比的增長性指標,以及含應收賬款周轉率、逾期應收賬款占比的風險性指標。在現狀分析之后,發現 WD 公司應收賬款管理主要存在應收賬款質量不高、信用管理職能的設置存在缺陷、缺少可供執行的信用政策、客戶資料尚未形成統一管理以及應收賬款催收手段單一等問題,繼而分析了引起這些問題的原因,并針對存在的問題提出了解決對策,即設置獨立的信用管理部門,制定規范而可供執行的信用政策,在事前、事中和事后三個階段進行全程管理控制,并積極嘗試利用應收賬款融資,力求在每一個環節做好應收賬款管理工作,從而提高應收賬款管理水平。
關鍵詞:應收賬款,管理,風險,信用
ABSTRACT
Accounts receivable is unrecovered sales payment for goods occurring of theenterprise economic behavior. It is an important part of liquid assets of enterprises,whether its management science is closely related with the long-term development ofenterprises. External management environment of many enterprises has profoundchanges, market pattern dominated by enterprises from a seller's market gradually intoconsumers leading buyer's market, fierce competition is occurring in the industry. Inorder to make a living in change, develop competitive advantages and expand marketshare, many companies are trying to use the credit transactions such as installment,the credit in the sales way. In the process of credit sales, however, they are facing anew dilemma. A large number of accounts receivable make the enterprise funds areoccupied by the free, not drained in time. Not only difficult to meet the needs of theirown capital turnover, but also lead to increased risk of bad debts, the profit quality isaffected. In fact, a large number of Chinese and foreign literature, according to ourcountry enterprise account receivable management exists many problems, the averagebad rate is as high as 10%-twenty times the number of the European and UScompanies. Manufacturing enterprises in the face of the market environment, theinternational and domestic demand, increase the production and operation difficulties,actively improve the quality of accounts receivable, is the only thing to improve thequality of accounts receivable, increasing the service efficiency of funds, keep healthydevelopment. Therefore, the research on the present situation of accounts receivablemanagement of China's manufacturing enterprises has practical significance.
This article is based on the research on accounts receivable management ofscholars both at home and abroad, summarized the related theories, more detailedexpounded several commonly used accounts receivable quality evaluation methodsand indicators. Based on this, With WD company manufacturing enterprises in ourcountry as the research object, analyze the quality of accounts receivable andmanagement status, constructs the index system for quality evaluation of accountreceivable, mainly including current assets proportion of accounts receivable,accounts receivable accounts for the proportion of main business income scaleindicators, including growth rate of accounts receivable, advocate business incomegrowth rate and growth rate of accounts receivable contrast growth index and theaccounts receivable turnover, overdue accounts receivable risk index of the proportion.
After empirical analysis research, found that WD company accounts receivablemanagement mainly exist the following problems: The poor quality of accountsreceivable, credit management functions set was flawed, the lack of available forimplementation of credit policy, customer data has not yet form a unified managementand accounts receivable collection means, and so on. Then analyzes the causes ofthese problems, and puts forward the countermeasures for the existing problems,namely set up independent credit management department, formulate normative creditpolicy to perform, take control in advance, matter and afterwards three stages in thewhole management, and actively tried to use accounts receivable financing, strive fordoing well in the management of accounts receivable in every aspect, thereby enhancethe management level of accounts receivable.
Key words: accounts receivable, management, risk, credit
目 錄
第 1 章 緒論
1.1 研究背景
1.2 研究意義
1.3 文獻綜述
1.3.1 國外研究現狀
1.3.2 國內研究現狀
1.3.3 文獻研究述評
1.4 研究內容與方法
1.4.1 研究內容
1.4.2 研究方法
1.5 研究的創新之處
第 2 章 應收賬款管理的理論基礎
2.1 應收賬款理論
2.1.1 應收賬款的概念及成因
2.1.2 應收賬款對公司經營的影響
2.1.3 應收賬款的評價方法
2.2 信用政策理論
2.2.1 信用標準
2.2.2 信用條件
2.2.3 收賬政策
2.3 應收賬款全程管理模式
2.3.1 事前控制
2.3.2 事中控制
2.3.3 事后控制
第 3 章 WD 公司應收賬款管理現狀分析
3.1 企業概況
3.1.1 WD 公司簡介
3.1.2 業務收入結構
3.2 行業發展
3.3 WD 公司應收賬款管理的現狀
3.3.1 WD 公司應收賬款質量現狀
3.3.2 WD 公司應收賬款管理現狀
第 4 章 WD 公司應收賬款管理存在的問題及成因分析
4.1 WD 公司應收賬款管理存在的問題
4.1.1 應收賬款質量有待提升
4.1.2 信用管理職能的設置存在缺陷
4.1.3 缺少可供執行的信用政策
4.1.4 客戶資料尚未形成統一管理
4.1.5 應收賬款催收手段單一
4.2 WD 公司應收賬款管理問題的成因分析
4.2.1 外部原因
4.2.2 內部原因
第 5 章 完善 WD 公司應收賬款管理的對策
5.1 應收賬款的事前控制
5.1.1 設置獨立的信用管理部門
5.1.2 制定合理的信用政策
5.2 應收賬款的事中控制
5.2.1 完善銷售合同管理制度
5.2.2 加強客戶的動態跟蹤管理
5.3 應收賬款的事后控制
5.3.1 定期對應收賬款進行對賬和反饋
5.3.2 靈活選擇應收賬款催收方式
5.3.3 積極嘗試利用應收賬款融資
第 6 章 結論與展望
6.1 研究結論
6.2 研究局限與展望
致 謝
參考文獻
【WD企業應收賬款管理困境探析論文】相關文章:
對電力施工企業應收賬款管理探析經濟論文10-12
建筑施工企業應收賬款管理與核算研究論文10-11
茶葉企業管理探析論文10-11
企業預算管理的困境及對策研究論文10-10
油田企業科技項目管理探析的論文10-10
船舶企業質量成本管理探析論文10-12
服裝企業的質量管理探析藝術論文10-11
企業管理探析10-26
建筑企業項目成本管理方法之探析論文10-11
公共管理困境與出路論文10-11